Monotherapy versus polytherapy of enoxaparin and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Pharmacy Practice

  • Amira S.A. Said1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE., 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
  • Raghda R.S. Hussein2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt., 3Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Egypt.
  • Doaa Mahmoud Khalil4Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
  • Alzhraa M. Fahmy5Department of Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
  • Ahmed H.A. Hassanein6Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
  • Lamiaa N Abdelaty3Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Egypt.

Volume 21 Issue 1 Pages 1-7

DOI: 10.18549/PharmPract.2023.1.2777

Abstract

Objectives: The current study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of Enoxaparin and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) used as monothrapy or polytherapy versus standard care alone in Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients. Methods: The current study included two hundred patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 infection. Patients admitted to hospital were randomly allocated into four groups: group I: received standard COVID-19 therapy, group II: received Enoxaparin 40mg/day subcutaneously (SC) plus standard therapy, group III: received 400 mg/day HCQ plus standard therapy & group IV: received a combination of 400 mg/day HCQ and Enoxaparin plus standard COVID-19 therapy. The disease progression was evaluated by duration to a negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), length of hospital or Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, and mortality rate. The safety of treatments was evaluated by measuring adverse effects. Results: The length of hospital stay, ICU admission and mortality were significantly decreased in Enoxaparin plus standard COVID-19 therapy group versus other groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Enoxaparin was safe, effective, and well tolerated and has a role in decreasing the progression of the disease and its complications while HCQ did not discover any evidence of extra therapeutic benefits.

Keywords

  • COVID-19 infection
  • enoxaparin
  • hydroxychloroquine
  • ICU stay
  • length of hospital stay
  • mortality
Pharmacy Practice

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