Evaluation of the Association between Inhaler technique and Adherence in Asthma Control: Cross-Sectional Comparative Analysis Study between Amman and Baghdad

Pharmacy Practice

  • Zainab M. Al-kilkawi1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan.
  • Iman A. Basheti2Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan., 3School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Sydney, Australia.
  • Nathir M. Obeidat4Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Jordan Amman, Amman 11931, Jordan.
  • Muhannad RM Saleh5Pharmacy Department, Al-Rashed University Colledge, Baghdad, Iraq.
  • Salim Hamadi6Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Scieces, Petra University, Amman, Jordan.
  • Reem Abutayeh7Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan.
  • Razan Nassar1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan.
  • Ahmad R. Alsayed1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan.

Volume 22 Issue 1 Pages 1-12

DOI: 10.18549/PharmPract.2024.1.2927

Abstract

Purpose: Asthma is a chronic condition affecting millions of people all around the world. Asthma has no cure, but disease control is essential and highly recommended. However, the available tools for asthma control assessment don't include factors such as inhaler technique and adherence. This study aimed to assess the correlation between inhaler techniques, adherence, and level of asthma control in two different healthcare settings; Jordan and Iraq. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over six months, from January to August 2018, in two public hospitals in Amman (Jordan) and Baghdad (Iraq). Asthmatic patients were interviewed to assess their inhaler technique, adherence, and asthma control. The researcher personally visited both public hospitals, conducting face-to-face interviews with patients at the hospital outpatient clinics. Validated questionnaires were used for patient assessment, including demographics, asthma history and medication use, the patient's inhaler technique, adherence, and asthma control. Results: A total of 300 patients entered the study, with a mean age of 45.54 ± 13.71. The asthma control test showed very poor asthma control for patients living in both countries (Amman n=78 (52.0%) vs. Baghdad n=106 (70.0%)). An asthma knowledge assessment showed that most asthmatic patients in both countries didn't follow their asthma medication plan (Amman n=78 (52.0%) vs. Baghdad n=93 (62.0%)). Conclusion: In both Jordan and Iraq, asthma patients were found to be poorly controlled. Knowledge of patients was inadequate, probably leading to the poorly managed chronic disease. The results of this study highlight the significance of the pharmacist's role in recognizing asthmatic patients requiring assistance. Furthermore, they underscore the pharmacist's pivotal contribution to delivering patient education and counseling, ultimately resulting in enhanced asthma control.

Keywords

  • asthma
  • inhaler technique
  • adherence
  • control
  • Middle East
Pharmacy Practice

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