Factors Influencing Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) of the COVID-19 vaccine: A Case Study in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand

Pharmacy Practice

  • Teeraporn Sadira Supapaan1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Kittiyaporn Thongthai2Ubon Ratchathani Provincial Health Office, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Pongdanai Vinitchai3Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Wicharut Praken3Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Suttasinee Suwannakul1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Prasittichai Poonphol1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Sisira Donsamak1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Tuanthon Boonlue1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Nonglek Kunawaradisai1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Wannisa Dongtai1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Uraiwan Akanit1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Sawaeng Watcharathanakij1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Saksit Sripa1Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Patcharee Kanjanawat4Pharmacy department, Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, 34000, Thailand.
  • Jakkrit Busapan5Ubon Ratchathani Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand.
  • Chonladda Pitchayajittipong6Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
  • Peerawat Jinatongthai7Division of Pharmacy Practice and UBU Pharmacy Clinical Outcome Research Group (UPCOR), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Thailand.

Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 1-24

DOI: 10.18549/PharmPract.2024.4.3062

Abstract

Background: The rapid development, approval, and distribution of these vaccines highlight the need to carefully assess their safety. One significant concern is the incidence of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI). There are few reports on the factors influencing AEFI and differences in AEFI among different COVID-19 vaccine brands in Thailand. Exploration of the incidence and factors related to post-vaccination adverse reactions against SARS-CoV-2 in the population attending vaccination centers in Thailand is considered pivotal. Objective: To investigate the incidence and factors associated with adverse events following the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Ubon Ratchathani province. Methods: We analyzed data from individuals who received COVID-19 vaccinations in Ubon Ratchathani province between June 1, 2021, and July 31, 2022. Results: The study examined data from 2,955,978 COVID-19 vaccines administered in Ubon Ratchathani province. Among these, 3.34% experienced an AEFI, further categorized into events occurring within 30 min (0.17%) and after 30 min (3.19%) of vaccination. The occurrences were higher in females compared to males. The age groups exhibited distinct AEFI rates, with children aged 5–17 years and adults aged 18–60 years facing a higher risk. Additionally, individuals with comorbidities are more likely to experience AEFI. The brand of the vaccine and the number of doses administered also influenced AEFI rates. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into AEFI reports, vaccine brands, and associated risk factors, and offers crucial information for vaccine safety monitoring and management. Conclusion: This COVID-19 vaccine adverse events study revealed that higher odds of adverse events were associated with being female, younger, having comorbidities, brand of vaccines, or getting over two doses. These findings provide valuable real-world safety information regarding different COVID-19 vaccines, aiding healthcare professionals and policymakers in effectively monitoring and managing vaccine-related AEFI.

Keywords

  • factors
  • adverse events following immunization (AEFI)
  • covid-19 vaccine
  • Thailand
Pharmacy Practice

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