Evaluation of Medication Adherence and Depression Prevalence Among Hemodialysis Patients in Iraq

Pharmacy Practice

  • Hany A. Al-Hussaniy1Department of Pharmacy, AlNisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
  • Ali Yousif Nori2Department of Pharmacy, AL Mustafa University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
  • Hanan Jadaan Ali3Department of Pharmacy, Al-Hadbaa University college, Mosul, Iraq.
  • Mahmood Al-Ibadah4Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, College of Medical Technology, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq.
  • Amjad I Oraibi5Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq.
  • Ali Mahmoud Al-Samydai6Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan.
  • Ali Abo-ragheef7Ashford & St Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Surrey, UK.

Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 1-10

DOI: 10.18549/PharmPract.2025.1.3087

Abstract

Background: End-stage kidney disease requires renal replacement therapy (RRT) because of a gradual decline in kidney function. Hemodialysis is the most commonly used renal replacement therapy worldwide, and frequently leads to neuropsychiatric issues, with depression being the most prominent. Nonadherence to drug therapy is considered one of the most significant drug-related issues among hemodialysis patients, and various studies have shown that nonadherence is common. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and non-adherence to drug therapy, and to identify predictors of depression and non-adherence among hemodialysis patients. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 99 patients and 33 healthy controls. The data collected encompassed personal and disease-related variables from AL-Yarmouk Hospital during the period from 20th July to 20 August 2019. Adherence to medication was assessed using a validated medication adherence scale and participants' depression levels were evaluated using a standardized depression questionnaire. Results: The median age of the patients was 51.2 ± 14.4 years, with the majority being male (67.7%). Depression was prevalent in 86.9% of the patients, which was significantly higher than the prevalence in the control group (63.6%). The sick group's median depression score was noticeably greater than the control groups. There were no discernible differences between patients with and without depression in terms of sociodemographic characteristics or illness indicators. Non-adherence was common, with 47.47% of the patients being non-adherent. Conclusions: Depression is prevalent among hemodialysis patients and is unrelated to any personal or medical features.

Keywords

  • glomerular filtration rate
  • medication adherence
  • patient compliance
  • renal dialysis
Pharmacy Practice

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