Insights into Asthma Understanding and Medication Compliance: A Study of Knowledge and Adherence among the Lebanese Population
Pharmacy Practice
Abstract
Background: The causes of the global surge in asthma cases are still unknown. It has been hypothesized that trigger factors and non-adherence to inhaler devices hinder optimal asthma treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate adherence to the use of inhalers among Lebanese asthmatic patients and assess patient knowledge about asthma. Methods: This is a cross-sectional multicenter study conducted on adult patients with asthma recruited through community pharmacies in Lebanon. Participants filled out the questionnaire that assessed the adherence to the inhalers and evaluated their asthma knowledge. Results: Among 172 asthmatic patients with a mean age of 31.79 ± 20.92 years, 55.8% females, only 9.9% were adherent to asthma medications with a relatively low asthma knowledge (mean score of 66.74 ± 9.096). Significantly higher asthma knowledge scores were observed in married versus unmarried (p=0.027), in higher educational level compared to a lower level (p=0.039), and in individuals who sleep less than 6 hours/day compared to higher sleep hours (p=0.001). However, unmarried participants and individuals who sleep more than 6 hours/day had higher adherence to asthma medications with a p-value of 0.049) and 0.014. Regression results showed that higher educational level and individuals had significantly higher asthma knowledge scores (p=0.012), while patients who sleep more than 6 hours had lower knowledge scores (p=0.004). Conclusion: The study highlights that improper use of inhaler devices is common among enrolled participants. In addition, the study shows that the rate of non-adherence to the regimen is high and patients have a low level of knowledge about the proper use of the inhalers.
Keywords
- asthma
- adherence
- inhaler devices
- patients