Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of Ofatumumab in the management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients: Narrative review

Abstract

Ofatumumab offers new hope as the first medication of its kind for treating relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS); however, questions remain about its long-term effectiveness and affordability. This narrative review aims to provide concise and precise updates on the cost-effectiveness of ofatumumab in the management of RRMS. A literature search was conducted between 2020 and 2025 in English-language databases via the following keywords: RRMS, disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), ofatumumab, economic evaluation, cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, and cost consequences. The overall findings varied significantly by country, reflecting differences in methodological approaches, time horizons, analytical perspectives, and discount rates. The increase in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) associated with the use of ofatumumab ranged from 0.17 (vs. ocrelizumab) to 1.26 (vs. BSC). The incremental cost- effectiveness ratio (ICER) ranged from $24,189 per QALY (vs. glatiramer acetate) to $28,014 per QALY (vs. BSC) in Canada. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), ICERs ranged from Arab Emirates Dirham (AED) 108,221 ($29,463.64) per QALY (vs. interferon beta 1-alpha) to AED 256,238 ($69,761.92) per QALY (vs. BSC). However, the ICERs were higher than the WTP threshold compared to those of cladribine: AED was 713,068 (

94,135.90) per QALY in the UAE and $50,969 per QALY in Canada. Collective evidence from available studies indicates that ofatumumab is a cost-effective option compared with a range of DMTs, including ocrelizumab, dimethyl fumarate, fingolimod, intravenous natalizumab, teriflunomide, generic fingolimod, glatiramer acetate, interferon therapies, and BSC. To support informed decision-making further, future research should aim to generate robust data on the costs and health-related quality-of-life outcomes associated with ofatumumab and other DMTs.