Regional disparities in the provision of advanced services by community pharmacies in Japan
Pharmacy Practice
Abstract
Aim/Background: In Japan, each prefecture formulates a “Medical Care Plan” according to the basic policies established by the national government; however, this has led to inter-prefectural disparities and concerns about unequal access to medical care. In Japan’s super-aged society, demand has increased for home-healthcare and aseptic preparation services provided by community pharmacies. This study aimed to analyze the current situation in each prefecture using NDB Open Data and identify disparities between the actual number of service provisions and the estimated demand, thereby supporting the development of regional healthcare systems to meet the rising need for home-healthcare and aseptic preparation services. Materials and Methods: The number of service provisions was determined using NDB Open Data, and the demand for each service was estimated based on population and medical-expenditure data. Gini coefficients were calculated to evaluate the regional disparities. Results: Gini coefficients for the provision of home-healthcare and aseptic preparation services per estimated unit demand were 0.3052 and 0.2882, respectively, indicating substantial disparities across prefectures. Conclusion: This study revealed notable inter-prefectural disparities in the provision of advanced pharmacy services when evaluated based on estimated demand. These findings provide evidence that can inform policy measures aimed at reducing disparities to advanced pharmacy services.
Keywords
- community pharmacy
- home healthcare service
- aseptic preparation service
- medical demand
- service provision